Micron Document
`:top
`!Graph Modeling Language`! (GML) is a hierarchical `F33f`_`[ASCII`:/page/wikibook/entry.mu`zim=wikipedia_en_all_nopic_2025-08.zim|entry_path=ASCII]`_`f-based file format for describing `F33f`_`[graphs`:/page/wikibook/entry.mu`zim=wikipedia_en_all_nopic_2025-08.zim|entry_path=Graph_(discrete_mathematics)]`_`f. It has been also named `*Graph Meta Language`*.

>>Contents

• `F0af`_`[Example`#example]`_`f
• `F0af`_`[Applications supporting GML`#applications-supporting-gml]`_`f
• `F0af`_`[See also`#see-also]`_`f
• `F0af`_`[References`#references]`_`f
• `F0af`_`[External links`#external-links]`_`f

-─

>>Example

A simple graph in GML format:

`B100`F9d9graph [`f`b
`B100`F9d9 comment "This is a sample graph"`f`b
`B100`F9d9 directed 1`f`b
`B100`F9d9 id 42`f`b
`B100`F9d9 label "Hello, I am a graph"`f`b
`B100`F9d9 node [`f`b
`B100`F9d9 id 1`f`b
`B100`F9d9 label "node 1"`f`b
`B100`F9d9 thisIsASampleAttribute 42`f`b
`B100`F9d9 ]`f`b
`B100`F9d9 node [`f`b
`B100`F9d9 id 2`f`b
`B100`F9d9 label "node 2"`f`b
`B100`F9d9 thisIsASampleAttribute 43`f`b
`B100`F9d9 ]`f`b
`B100`F9d9 node [`f`b
`B100`F9d9 id 3`f`b
`B100`F9d9 label "node 3"`f`b
`B100`F9d9 thisIsASampleAttribute 44`f`b
`B100`F9d9 ]`f`b
`B100`F9d9 edge [`f`b
`B100`F9d9 source 1`f`b
`B100`F9d9 target 2`f`b
`B100`F9d9 label "Edge from node 1 to node 2"`f`b
`B100`F9d9 ]`f`b
`B100`F9d9 edge [`f`b
`B100`F9d9 source 2`f`b
`B100`F9d9 target 3`f`b
`B100`F9d9 label "Edge from node 2 to node 3"`f`b
`B100`F9d9 ]`f`b
`B100`F9d9 edge [`f`b
`B100`F9d9 source 3`f`b
`B100`F9d9 target 1`f`b
`B100`F9d9 label "Edge from node 3 to node 1"`f`b
`B100`F9d9 ]`f`b
`B100`F9d9]`f`b

>>Applications supporting GML

• `F33f`_`[Cytoscape`:/page/wikibook/entry.mu`zim=wikipedia_en_all_nopic_2025-08.zim|entry_path=Cytoscape]`_`f, an `F33f`_`[open source`:/page/wikibook/entry.mu`zim=wikipedia_en_all_nopic_2025-08.zim|entry_path=Open-source_license]`_`f `F33f`_`[bioinformatics software`:/page/wikibook/entry.mu`zim=wikipedia_en_all_nopic_2025-08.zim|entry_path=List_of_bioinformatics_software]`_`f platform for visualizing molecular interaction networks, loads and save previously-constructed interaction networks in GML.
• `F33f`_`[igraph`:/page/wikibook/entry.mu`zim=wikipedia_en_all_nopic_2025-08.zim|entry_path=Igraph]`_`f, an `F33f`_`[open source`:/page/wikibook/entry.mu`zim=wikipedia_en_all_nopic_2025-08.zim|entry_path=Open-source_license]`_`f network analysis library with interfaces to multiple programming languages.
• `F33f`_`[Gephi`:/page/wikibook/entry.mu`zim=wikipedia_en_all_nopic_2025-08.zim|entry_path=Gephi]`_`f, an `F33f`_`[open source`:/page/wikibook/entry.mu`zim=wikipedia_en_all_nopic_2025-08.zim|entry_path=Open-source_license]`_`f graph visualization and manipulation software.
• `F33f`_`[Graph-tool`:/page/wikibook/entry.mu`zim=wikipedia_en_all_nopic_2025-08.zim|entry_path=Graph-tool]`_`f, a `F33f`_`[free`:/page/wikibook/entry.mu`zim=wikipedia_en_all_nopic_2025-08.zim|entry_path=Free_software]`_`f Python module for manipulation and statistical analysis of graphs.
• `F33f`_`[NetworkX`:/page/wikibook/entry.mu`zim=wikipedia_en_all_nopic_2025-08.zim|entry_path=NetworkX]`_`f, an `F33f`_`[open source`:/page/wikibook/entry.mu`zim=wikipedia_en_all_nopic_2025-08.zim|entry_path=Open-source_license]`_`f `F33f`_`[Python`:/page/wikibook/entry.mu`zim=wikipedia_en_all_nopic_2025-08.zim|entry_path=Python_(programming_language)]`_`f library for studying complex graphs.
• `F33f`_`[Tulip (software)`:/page/wikibook/entry.mu`zim=wikipedia_en_all_nopic_2025-08.zim|entry_path=Tulip_(software)]`_`f is a free software in the domain of `F33f`_`[information visualisation`:/page/wikibook/entry.mu`zim=wikipedia_en_all_nopic_2025-08.zim|entry_path=Information_visualisation]`_`f capable of manipulating huge graphs (with more than 1.000.000 elements).
• `F33f`_`[yEd`:/page/wikibook/entry.mu`zim=wikipedia_en_all_nopic_2025-08.zim|entry_path=YEd]`_`f, a free Java-based graph editor, supports import from and export to GML.
• The `F33f`_`[Graphviz`:/page/wikibook/entry.mu`zim=wikipedia_en_all_nopic_2025-08.zim|entry_path=Graphviz]`_`f project includes two command-line tools (gml2gv and gv2gml) that can convert to and from the `F33f`_`[DOT`:/page/wikibook/entry.mu`zim=wikipedia_en_all_nopic_2025-08.zim|entry_path=DOT_(graph_description_language)]`_`f file format.
• `F33f`_`[Wolfram Language`:/page/wikibook/entry.mu`zim=wikipedia_en_all_nopic_2025-08.zim|entry_path=Wolfram_Language]`_`f, a general very high-level programming language, supports GML import and export.

>>See also

• `F33f`_`[Graph Query Language`:/page/wikibook/entry.mu`zim=wikipedia_en_all_nopic_2025-08.zim|entry_path=Graph_Query_Language]`_`f (GQL)
• `F33f`_`[DGML`:/page/wikibook/entry.mu`zim=wikipedia_en_all_nopic_2025-08.zim|entry_path=DGML]`_`f

>>References

`:cite-ref-1[`F5bf`_`[1`#cite-note-1]`_`f]

`:cite-note-1`!1.`! `F0af`_`[↑`#cite-ref-1]`_`f Plenz, M., Frank, A., Graph Language Models, 2401.07105, cs.CL, 2024, https://arxiv.org/abs/2401.07105, access date: 2025-07-03

>>External links

• GML: A portable Graph File Format, Michael Himsolt - 2010/11/30 (archived version)
• Unravelling Graph-Exchange File Formats, by Matthew Roughan and Jonathan Tuke, 2015, https://arxiv.org/pdf/1503.02781.pdf

`c`F0af`_`[↑ Back to top`#top]`_`f`a